NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 12 Surface Area and Volume

12.1 Introduction

In the introduction part of Class 10 Chapter 12, you would recall what you studied in class IX about solids like a cube, cylinder, cuboid, etc. You had learned the formulas for finding the surface area and volumes of these solids earlier.

We come across multiple objects in our daily lives that are a combination of many of these shapes. For example, a truck carrying oil which is in the shape of a cylinder that has 2 hemispheres at its end. In the Surface Area Volume Class 10 you would learn how to calculate the surface area and volumes of such solids which are a combination of two or more solid shapes.

12.2 Surface Area of a Combination of Solids

The outer part of any 3-D figure is the surface area of that figure. To find out the surface area of a solid which is a combination of solid shapes, we would need to find out the surface area of individual solid shapes separately to find the surface area of the entire 3-D solid shape.

TSA or total surface area of the solid = Curved surface area of (Cone + Cylinder + Hemisphere) = \[\pi r \times \sqrt{(l^{2} + r^{2})} (cone) + 2\pi rl (cylinder) + 2\pi r^{2} (hemisphere)\].

12.3 Volume of a Combination of Solids

The volume of solids by joining two or more basic solids is the sum of the volumes of individual solids. The total volume of the solid is obtained by adding up the volume of two constituent solids.

Volume of cuboid = l * b * h.

Volume of pyramid = ⅓ * area of the base * height.

Volume of the solid = Volume of cuboid + Volume of pyramid.

Exercise 12.1: This exercise involves questions that are based on finding the surface areas and volumes of cuboids and cubes. The exercise contains a total of six questions that test the student's understanding of the formulas and concepts related to finding the surface area and volume of cuboids and cubes. The solutions to each question provide step-by-step instructions on how to find the surface area and volume of the given figures.

Exercise 12.2: This exercise involves questions based on finding the surface areas and volumes of the right circular cylinders and cones. The exercise contains a total of six questions that test the student's understanding of the concepts related to the surface area and volume of cylinders and cones. The solutions to each question provide step-by-step instructions and diagrams to help students understand the concept better.

Access NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 12 - Surface Area and Volume

Exercise  12.1

1. $2$ cubes of each of volume $64\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$ are joined end to end. Find the surface area of the resulting cuboids.

Ans:

Given that,

$2$ cubes are joined end to end as given in the following diagram.

To find the surface area of the resulting cuboid.

Volume of each cube $=64\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

We know that,

Volume of a cube $={{a}^{3}}$

${{a}^{3}}=64$

$a=4\text{ cm}$

Thus the dimension of the resulting cuboid is of $4\text{ cm, }4\text{ cm}$ and $8\text{ cm}$when they are joined end to end. That is, $l=4\text{ cm, b=}4\text{ cm}$and $h=8\text{ cm}$

Then,

Surface area of cuboid \[\]

$=2\left( \left( 4\times 4 \right)+\left( 4\times 8 \right)+\left( 4\times 8 \right) \right)$

$=2\left( 16+32+32 \right)$

$=\sqrt{{{\left( -3 \right)}^{2}}+{{\left( 3 \right)}^{2}}}$

$=160\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$

\[\]The surface area of the resultant cuboid is $160\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$

2. A vessel is in the form of a hollow hemisphere mounted by a hollow cylinder. The diameter of the hemisphere is $14\text{ cm}$ and the total height of the vessel is $13\text{ cm}$. Find the inner surface area of the vessel. (Use $\pi =\frac{22}{7}$)

Ans:

Given that,

The diameter of the hemisphere $=14\text{ cm}$

The total height of the vessel \[\]

To find,

The inner surface area of the vessel.

Thus the radius of the hollow hemisphere $=\frac{d}{2}$

$=\frac{14}{2}$

$=7\text{ cm}$

From the diagram, it can be observed that the radius of the cylindrical part and that of the hemispherical part is the same.

Thus, height of hemispherical part $=$ Radius $=7\text{ cm}$

Height of the cylindrical part$=13-7$

$=6\text{ cm}$

Inner surface area of the vessel$=$ CSA of cylindrical part + CSA of hemispherical part

CSA of cylindrical part $=2\pi rh$

$=2\times \frac{22}{7}\times 7\times 6$

$=\left( 2\times 22\times 6 \right)$

$=44\times 6$

CSA of hemispherical part$=2\pi {{r}^{2}}$

$=\left( 2\times \frac{22}{7}\times \left( {{7}^{2}} \right) \right)$

$AB,BC,CD=\left( 2\times 22\times 7 \right)$

$=44\times 7$

Inner surface area of the vessel$=44\left( 6+7 \right)$

$=44\left( 13 \right)$

$=572\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$

$\therefore $The inner surface area of the vessel is $572\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$

3. A toy is in the form of a cone of radius $3.5\text{ cm}$ mounted on a hemisphere of the same radius. The total height of the toy is $15.5\text{ cm}$. Find the total surface area of the toy. (Use $\pi =\frac{22}{7}$)

Ans:

Given that,

Radius of the cone $=3.5\text{ cm}$

Radius of the hemisphere$=3.5\text{ cm}$

The total height of the toy$=15.5\text{ cm}$

To find,

The total surface area of the toy

From the diagram, it can be observed that the radius of both conical and hemispherical part is the same.

Height of the hemispherical part\[\]

$=\frac{7}{2}$

Height of the conical part$=15.5-3.5$

$=12\text{ cm}$

Slant height of the conical part$\left( l \right)=\sqrt{{{r}^{2}}+{{h}^{2}}}$

$=\sqrt{{{\left( \frac{7}{2} \right)}^{2}}+{{\left( 12 \right)}^{2}}}$

$=\sqrt{\left( \frac{49}{4} \right)+144}$

$=\sqrt{\frac{625}{4}}$

$=\frac{25}{2}D\left( -3,0 \right)$

Total surface area of the toy$=$ CSA of conical part + CSA of hemispherical part

CSA of conical part   $=\pi rl$

$=\left( \frac{22}{7}\times \frac{7}{2}\times \frac{25}{2} \right)$

=137.5

CSA of hemispherical part  $=2\pi {{r}^{2}}$

$=\left( 2\times \frac{22}{7}\times {{\left( \frac{7}{2} \right)}^{2}} \right)$

$=77$

Total surface area of the toy$=137.5+77$

$=214.5\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$

$\therefore $The total surface area of the toy is $214.5\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$.

4. A cubical block of side $7\text{ cm}$ is surmounted by a hemisphere. What is the greatest diameter the hemisphere can have? Find the surface area of the solid. (Use $\pi =\frac{22}{7}$)

Ans:

Given that,

Side of a cube $=7\text{ cm}$

To find,

• The greatest diameter of the hemisphere.

• The surface area of the solid.

It can be observed from the diagram that the greatest possible diameter of the hemisphere is equal to the cube’s edge.

Thus the greatest diameter of the hemispherical part$=7\text{ cm}$

So the radius of the hemispherical part $=\frac{7}{2}$

$=3.5\text{ cm}$

Total surface area of the solid = Surface area of cubical part + CSA of hemispherical part – Area of hemispherical part

$=6{{a}^{2}}+2\pi {{r}^{2}}-\pi {{r}^{2}}$

$=6{{a}^{2}}+\pi {{r}^{2}}$

$=6{{\left( 7 \right)}^{2}}+\left( \frac{22}{7}\times {{\left( \frac{7}{2} \right)}^{2}} \right)$

$=294+38.5$

$=332.5\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$

$\therefore $The greatest diameter of the hemisphere is $7\text{ cm}$ and the surface area of the solid is $332.5\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$.

5. A hemispherical depression is cut out from one face of a cubical wooden block such that the diameter $l$ of the hemisphere is equal to the edge of the cube. Determine the surface area of the remaining solid.

Ans:

Given that,

Diameter of the hemisphere = Edge of the cube

To determine,

The surface area of the remaining solid.

Diameter of the hemisphere = Edge of the cube \[\]

   Radius of the hemisphere $=\frac{l}{2}$

Total surface area of the solid = Surface area of cubical part + CSA of hemispherical part – Area of base of hemispherical part

$=6{{a}^{2}}+2\pi {{r}^{2}}-\pi {{r}^{2}}$

$=6{{a}^{2}}+\pi {{r}^{2}}$

$=6{{l}^{2}}+\pi {{\left( \frac{l}{2} \right)}^{2}}$

$=6{{l}^{2}}+\frac{\pi {{l}^{2}}}{4}$

$=\frac{24{{l}^{2}}+\pi {{l}^{2}}}{4}$

$=\frac{1}{4}\left( 24+\pi  \right){{l}^{2}}\text{ uni}{{\text{t}}^{2}}$

$\therefore $The area of the remaining solid is $\frac{1}{4}\left( 24+\pi  \right){{l}^{2}}\text{ uni}{{\text{t}}^{2}}B\left( 3,1 \right)$.

6. A medicine capsule is in the shape of a cylinder with two hemispheres stuck to each of its ends (see the given figure). The length of the entire capsule is $14\text{ mm}$ and the diameter of the capsule is $5\text{ mm}$. Find its surface area. (Use $\pi =\frac{22}{7}$)

Ans:

Given that,

Length of the capsule $=15\text{ mm}$

Diameter of the capsule $=5\text{ mm}$

To find, 

The surface area of the capsule

From the diagram,

Radius of cylindrical part = Radius of hemispherical part

$=\frac{\text{Diameter of the capsule}}{2}$

$=\frac{5}{2}$

Length of the cylindrical part (h) = Length of the entire capsule - $2r$

$=14-2\left( \frac{5}{2} \right)$

$=9\text{ mm}$

Surface area of capsule = 2CSA of hemispherical part + CSA of cylindrical part

2CSA of hemispherical part  $=2\left( 2\pi {{r}^{2}} \right)$

$=4\pi {{\left( \frac{5}{2} \right)}^{2}}$

$=25\pi $

CSA of cylindrical part  $=2\pi rh$

$=2\pi \left( \frac{5}{2} \right)\times 9$

Surface area of the capsule$=25\pi +45\pi $

$=70\pi $

$=70\times \frac{22}{7}$

$=10\times 22$

$=220\text{ m}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$

∴The surface area of the capsule is $220\text{ m}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$.

7. A tent is in the shape of a cylinder surmounted by a conical top. If the height and diameter of the cylindrical part are $2.1\text{ m}$ and $4\text{ m}$ respectively, and the slant height of the top is $2.8\text{ m}$, find the area of the canvas used for making the tent. Also, find the cost of the canvas of the tent at the rate of $Rs.500$ per ${{m}^{2}}$. (Note that the base of the tent will not be covered with canvas.)

Ans:

Given that,

Height of the cylindrical part $=2.1\text{ m}$

Diameter of the cylindrical part $=4\text{ m}$

Radius of the cylindrical part$=2\text{ m}$

Slant height of conical part $=2.8\text{ m}$

Cost of $1\text{ }{{\text{m}}^{2}}$ canvas $=Rs.500$

Area of the canvas used = CSA of conical part + CSA os cylindrical part

$=\pi rl+2\pi rh$

$=\left( \pi \times 2\times 2.8 \right)+\left( 2\pi \times 2\times 2.1 \right)$

$=2\pi \left( 2.8+4.2 \right)$

$=2\times \frac{22}{7}\times 7$

$=44\text{ }{{\text{m}}^{2}}$

Cost of $1\text{ }{{\text{m}}^{2}}$ canvas $=Rs.500$

Cost of \[\] canvas$=44\times 500$

$=Rs.22,000$

$\therefore $The cost the canvas that is used to cover the tent is $Rs.22,000$.

8. From a solid cylinder whose height is $2.4\text{ cm}$ and diameter $1.4\text{ cm}$, a conical cavity of the same height and same diameter is hollowed out. Find the total surface area of the remaining solid to the nearest $c{{m}^{2}}$. (Use $\pi =\frac{22}{7}$)

Ans:

Height of the cylindrical part = Height of the conical part$=2.4\text{ cm}$

Diameter of the cylindrical part = Diameter of the conical part $=1.4\text{ cm}$

To find,

The total surface area of the remaining solid.

Diameter of the cylindrical part $=1.4\text{ cm}$

Radius of the cylindrical part \[\frac{1.4}{2}\]

$=0.7\text{ cm}$

Slant height of conical part $=\sqrt{{{r}^{2}}+{{h}^{2}}}$

$=\sqrt{0.49+5.76}$

$=3\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{6.25}$

$=2.5$

The total surface area of the solid = CSA of cylindrical part + CSA of conical part + Area of cylindrical base

$=2\pi rh+\pi rl+\pi {{r}^{2}}C\left( 4,3 \right)$

$=\left( 2\times \frac{22}{7}\times 0.7\times 2.4 \right)+\left( \frac{22}{7}\times 0.7\times 2.5 \right)+\left( \frac{22}{7}\times {{\left( 0.7 \right)}^{2}} \right)$

$=\left( 4.4\times 2.4 \right)+\left( 2.2\times 2.5 \right)+\left( 2.2\times 0.7 \right)$

$=10.56+5.5+1.54$

$=17.6\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$

$\therefore $The total surface area of the remaining solid to the nearest $c{{m}^{2}}$ is $18\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$.

9. A wooden article was made by scooping out a hemisphere from each end of a solid cylinder, as shown in the given figure. If the height of the cylinder is $10\text{ cm}$ and its base is of radius $3.5\text{ cm}$, find the total surface area of the article. (Use $\pi =\frac{22}{7}$)

Ans:

Given,

Height of the cylindrical part$=10\text{ cm}$

Radius of the cylindrical part = Radius of the hemispherical part $=3.5$

The total surface area of the article = CSA of cylindrical part + 2CSA of hemispherical part

$=2\pi rh+2\times 2\pi {{r}^{2}}$

$=\left( 2\pi \times 3.5\times 10 \right)+4\pi {{\left( 3.5 \right)}^{2}}$

$=70\pi +49\pi $

$=119\pi $

$=119\left( \frac{22}{7} \right)$

$=374\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$

$\therefore $The total surface area of the article is $374\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$.

Exercise (12.2)

1.A solid is in the shape of a cone standing on a hemisphere with both their radii being equal to $1\text{ cm}$ and the height of the cone is equal to its radius. Find the volume of the solid in terms of $\pi $.

Ans:

Given that,

Radius of cone and the hemisphere $=1\text{ cm}$

Height of the cone = Radius of the cone $=1\text{ cm}$

To find,

The volume of the solid in terms of $\pi $.

Volume of the given solid = Volume of the conical solid + Volume of the Hemispherical solid

$=\frac{1}{3}\pi {{r}^{2}}h+\frac{2}{3}\pi {{r}^{3}}{{\left( x-2 \right)}^{2}}+25={{\left( x+2 \right)}^{2}}+81$

$=\frac{1}{3}\pi {{\left( 1 \right)}^{2}}\left( 1 \right)+\frac{2}{3}\pi {{\left( 1 \right)}^{3}}$

$=\frac{1}{3}\pi +\frac{2}{3}\pi $

$=\frac{3}{3}\pi $

$=\pi $

$\therefore $ The volume of the solid in terms of \[\] is $\pi \text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$.

2. Rachel, an engineering student, was asked to make a model shaped like a cylinder with two cones attached at its two ends by using a thin aluminum sheet. The diameter of the model is $3\text{ cm}$ and its length is $x=\pm 412\text{ cm}$. If each cone has a height of $2\text{ cm}$, find the volume of air contained in the model that Rachel made. (Assume the outer and inner dimensions of the model to be nearly the same). (Use $\pi =\frac{22}{7}$)

Ans:

Given that,

Diameter of the cylindrical part $=3\text{ cm}$

Length of the cylindrical part $=12\text{ cm}$

Height of the conical part = 2cm

To find,

The volume of the air contained in the model

It can be observed from the figure that the,

Height of each conical part $\left( {{h}_{1}} \right)=2\text{ cm}$

Height of cylindrical part $\left( {{h}_{2}} \right)=12-2\times $Height of the conical part

$=12-\left( 2\times 2 \right)$

$=12-4$

$=8\text{ cm}$

Diameter of the cylindrical part $=3\text{ cm}$

Radius of the cylindrical part = Radius of the conical part

$=\frac{3}{2}$

Volume of the air in the model = Volume of cylindrical part + 2(Volume of cones)

Volume of the cylinder \[\]

$=\pi {{\left( \frac{3}{2} \right)}^{2}}\left( 8 \right)$

$=\pi \times \frac{9}{4}\times 8$

$=18\pi $

Volume of $2$ cones$=2\times \frac{1}{3}\pi {{r}^{2}}h$

$=2\times \frac{1}{3}\pi \times {{\left( \frac{3}{2} \right)}^{2}}\times 2$

$=\frac{2}{3}\pi \times \frac{9}{4}\left( 2 \right)$

$=3\pi $

Volume of the air in cuboid $=18\pi +3\pi $

$=21\pi $

$=21\left( \frac{22}{7} \right)$

=66 cm\[^{3}\]

3. A gulab jamun contains sugar syrup up to about $30%$ of its volume. Find approximately how much syrup would be found in $45$ gulab jamuns, each shaped like a cylinder with two hemispherical ends with length $5\text{ cm}$ and diameter $2.8\text{ cm}$(see the given figure). (Use $\pi =\frac{22}{7}$)

Ans:

Given that,

The length of  the gulab jamun $=5\text{ cm}$

Diameter of the gulab jamun $=2.8\text{ cm}$

The volume of syrup in gulab jamun is $30%$ to its volume.

To find,

The volume of syrup in $45$ gulab jamun.

The diagram of gulab jamun shaped like a cylinder with two hemispherical ends is shown in the following diagram.

From the diagram,

Radius of the cylindrical part$\left( {{r}_{1}} \right)$ = Radius of hemispherical part $\left( {{r}_{2}} \right)$

$=\frac{2.8}{2}$

$=1.4\text{ cm}$

The length of the hemispherical part is the same as that of the radius of the hemispherical part.

Length of each hemispherical part $=1.4\text{ cm}$

Height of the cylindrical part$=5-2\times $Length of hemispherical part

$=5-2\left( 1.4 \right)$

$=5-2.8$

$=2.2\text{ cm}$

Volume of one gulab jamun = Volume of cylindrical part$+2$(Volume of hemispherical part

Volume of cylindrical part$=\pi {{r}^{2}}h$

$=\pi {{\left( 1.4 \right)}^{2}}\left( 2.2 \right)$

$=\frac{22}{7}{{\left( 1.4 \right)}^{2}}\times 2.2$

$=13.552$

$2$(Volume of hemispherical part) $=2\times \frac{2}{3}\pi {{r}^{3}}$

$=\frac{4}{3}\pi {{r}^{3}}$

$=\frac{4}{3}\pi {{\left( 1.4 \right)}^{3}}$

$=\frac{4}{3}\times \frac{22}{7}\times {{\left( 1.4 \right)}^{3}}$

$=11.498$

Volume of one gulab jamun$=13.552+11.498$

$=25.05\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

Volume of $45$ gulab jamuns$=45\times 25.05$

$=1,127.25\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

olume of sugar syrup $=30%$ of volume

$=\frac{30}{100}\times 1127.25$

$=338.17\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

$\therefore $The volume of sugar syrup found in $45$ gulab jamuns is approximately $338\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$.

4. A pen stand made of wood is in the shape of a cuboid with four conical depressions to hold pens. The dimensions of the cuboids are $15\text{ cm}$ by $10\text{ cm}$ by $3.5\text{ cm}$. The radius of each of the depressions is $0.5\text{ cm}$ and the depth is $1.4\text{ cm}$. Find the volume of wood in the entire stand (see the following figure. (Use $\pi =\frac{22}{7}$)

(Image will be Uploaded Soon)

Ans:

Length of the cuboid$=15\text{ cm}$

Breadth of the cuboid$=10\text{ cm}$

Height of the cuboid$=3.5\text{ cm}$

Radius of conical depression $=0.5\text{ cm}$

Height of conical depression $=1.4\text{ cm}$

To find,

The volume of wood in entire stand

Volume of the wood = Volume of cuboid - $4\times $Volume of cones

Volume of cuboid $=lbh$

$=15\times 10\times 3.5$

$=525\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

$4\times $Volume of cones$=4\times \frac{1}{3}\pi {{r}^{2}}h$

$=\frac{4}{3}\times \frac{22}{7}\times {{\left( \frac{1}{2} \right)}^{2}}\times 1.4$

$=1.47\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

Volume of the wood$=525-1.47$

$=523.53\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

$\therefore $The volume of the wood in the entire stand is $523.53\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$.

5. A vessel is in the form of an inverted cone. Its height is $8\text{ cm}$ and the radius of its top, which is open, is $5\text{ cm}$. It is filled with water up to the brim. When lead shots, each of which is a sphere of radius $0.5\text{ cm}$ are dropped into the vessel, one-fourth of the water flows out. Find the number of lead shots dropped in the vessel.

Ans:

Given that,

Height of the conical vessel$\left( h \right)=8\text{ cm}$

Radius of conical vessel$\left( {{r}_{1}} \right)=5\text{ cm}$

Radius of lead shots $\left( {{r}_{2}} \right)=0.5\text{ cm}$

One-fourth of water flows out from the vessel.

To find,

The number of lead shots dropped in the vessel.

Let the number of lead shots that has been dropped in the vessel be $n$.

Volume of water flows out = Volume of lead shots dropped in the vessel

$\frac{1}{4}\times $Volume of the cone $=n\times \frac{4}{3}\pi {{r}_{2}}^{3}$

$\frac{1}{4}\times \frac{1}{3}\pi {{r}_{1}}^{2}h=n\times \frac{4}{3}\pi {{r}_{2}}^{3}$

${{r}_{1}}^{2}h=16n{{r}_{2}}^{3}$

Substituting the values we known, we obtain,

${{5}^{2}}\left( 8 \right)=n\left( 16\times {{\left( 0.5 \right)}^{3}} \right)$

$n=\frac{200}{16\times {{\left( 0.5 \right)}^{3}}}$

$n=100$

$\therefore $The number of lead shots dropped in the vessel is $100$.

6. A solid iron pole consists of a cylinder of height $220\text{ cm}$ and base diameter $24\text{ cm}$, which is surmounted by another cylinder of height $60\text{ cm}$and radius $8\text{ cm}$. Find the mass of the pole, given that $1\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$ of iron has approximately $8\text{ g}$mass. (Use $\pi =3.14$)

Ans:

Let there be two cylinders, one is of larger and the other is smaller

Given that,

Height of the larger cylinder ${{h}_{1}}=220\text{ cm}$

Diameter of the larger cylinder ${{d}_{1}}=24\text{ cm}$

Height of the smaller cylinder${{h}_{2}}=60\text{ cm}$

Radius of the smaller cylinder ${{r}_{2}}=8\text{ cm}$

To find,

The mass of iron pole.

Radius of larger cylinder $\left( {{r}_{1}} \right)=\frac{24}{2}$

$=12\text{ cm}$

Total volume of pole = Volume of the larger cylinder + Volume of the smaller cylinder

Volume of the larger cylinder$=\pi {{r}_{1}}^{2}{{h}_{1}}$

$=\pi {{\left( 12 \right)}^{2}}\times 220$

$=31,680\pi $

Volume of the smaller cylinder$=\pi {{r}_{2}}^{2}{{h}_{2}}$

$=3840\pi $

Volume of the iron pole $=31,680\pi +3,840\pi $

$=35,520\pi $

$=35,520\left( 3.14 \right)$

$=111,532.8\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

Mass of $1\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$iron$=8\text{ g}$

Mass of $111,532.8\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$ iron $=111,532.8\times 8$

$=892262.4\text{ g}$

We know that $1000\text{ g}=1\text{ kg}$

$892262.4\text{ g}=892262.4\times 1000\text{ kg}$

$=892.262\text{ kg}$

$\therefore $The mass of the iron is $892.262\text{ kg}$.

7. A solid consisting of a right circular cone of height $120\text{ cm}$ and radius $60\text{ cm}$ standing on a hemisphere of radius $60\text{ cm}$ is placed upright in a right circular cylinder full of water such that it touches the bottom. Find the volume of the water left in the cylinder, if the radius of the cylinder is $60\text{ cm}$ and its height is $180\text{ cm}$. (Use $\pi =\frac{22}{7}$).

Ans:

Given that,

A solid with a right circular cone and a hemisphere.

Height of the conical part of the cylinder $=120\text{ cm}$

Radius of the conical part of the cylinder$=60\text{ cm}$

Radius of hemispherical part of the cylinder $=60\text{ cm}$

Radius of the outer cylinder $=60\text{ cm}$

Height of the outer cylinder $=180\text{ cm}$

To find, 

The volume of the water left in the cylinder.

Volume of the water left = Volume of cylinder – Volume of the solid

Volume of the cylinder$=\pi {{r}^{2}}h$

$=\pi {{\left( 60 \right)}^{2}}\left( 180 \right)$

$=\pi \times 3600\times 180$

$=648,000\pi \text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

Volume of the solid = Volume of cone + Volume of the hemisphere

$=\frac{1}{3}\pi {{r}^{2}}h+\frac{2}{3}\pi {{r}^{3}}$

$=\frac{1}{3}\pi {{\left( 60 \right)}^{2}}120+\frac{2}{3}\pi {{\left( 60 \right)}^{3}}$

$=\frac{1}{3}\pi \left( 432,000 \right)+\frac{2}{3}\pi \left( 216,000 \right)$

$=288,000\pi $

Volume of the water left$=648,000\pi -288,000\pi $

$=360,000\pi $

$=360,000\times \frac{22}{7}$

$=11311428.57\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

$=1.131\text{ }{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

$\therefore $The volume of the water left in the cylinder is $1.131\text{ }{{\text{m}}^{3}}$.

8. A spherical glass vessel has a cylindrical neck 8cm long, $2\text{ cm}$ in diameter; the diameter of the spherical part is $8.5\text{ cm}$. By measuring the amount of water it holds, a child find its volume to be $345\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$. Check whether she is correct, taking the above as the inside measurement and $\pi =3.14$

Ans:

Given that,

Height of the cylindrical part $=8\text{ cm}$

Diameter of cylindrical neck $=2\text{ cm}$

Diameter of spherical glass vessel $=8.5\text{ cm}$

Volume of the water that the vessel holds $=345\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

To find it the above given volume is correct.

Volume of the vessel = Volume of sphere + Volume of cylinder

Volume of sphere $=\frac{4}{3}\pi {{r}^{3}}$

$=\frac{4}{3}\times 3.14\times {{\left( \frac{8.5}{2} \right)}^{3}}$

$=321.392\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

Volume of cylinder $=\pi {{r}^{2}}h$

$=3.14\times {{\left( 1 \right)}^{2}}\times 8$

$=25.12\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

Volume of the vessel $=321.392+25.12$

$=346.51\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$

$\therefore $The volume of the vessel is $346.51\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{3}}$ and hence the child is wrong.

Overview of Deleted Syllabus for CBSE Class 10 Maths Surface Area and Volume

Class 10 Maths Chapter 12 : Exercises Breakdown

Conclusion

The NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 12 Surface Area and Volume provided by Vedantu offer comprehensive explanations and step-by-step solutions to the problems in this chapter. It's crucial to focus on understanding the formulas for the surface area and volume of different shapes like cylinders, cones, spheres, and hemispheres. This chapter is important for building a solid foundation in geometry. In the previous year's question papers, about 3-4 questions were typically asked from this chapter, highlighting its significance in exams. Make sure to practice these problems thoroughly to score well.

Other Study Material for CBSE Class 10 Maths Chapter 12

Chapter-Specific NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths

Given below are the chapter-wise NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 12. Go through these chapter-wise solutions to be thoroughly familiar with the concepts.